Tests to Surrounding Organs • Upper gastrointestinal tract x-rays (UGI series) may be done to examine the duodenum (the portion of the small intestine that surrounds the pancreas) to look for abnormalities. • A needle may be inserted into the liver to discover obstructions in the bile duct (percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram). • Liver biopsy to confirm metastases, if suspected. Ninety percent of cases can be diagnosed with abdominal ultrasound , CT scans, ERCP and a positive CA 19-9, although early diagnosis remains difficult.